Japanese Culture and Etiquette: Essential Guide for Learners

Greetings and Bowing

Bowing (お辞儀, ojigi) is the standard greeting in Japan. The depth and duration convey the level of respect. In casual situations, a slight head nod suffices. In business, a 30-degree bow is standard. When meeting someone for the first time, say はじめまして (hajimemashite, nice to meet you) followed by your name and よろしくお願いします (yoroshiku onegaishimasu).

Practice essential greeting phrases with our Daily Phrase tool.

Dining Etiquette

Say いただきます (itadakimasu, I humbly receive) before eating and ごちそうさまでした (gochisousama deshita, thank you for the meal) after. Never stick chopsticks upright in rice — this resembles funeral incense. Don't pass food chopstick-to-chopstick (another funeral association). Slurping noodles is not only acceptable but shows appreciation.

Social Norms

Remove shoes when entering homes, traditional restaurants, and some businesses — look for a raised entryway (genkan). Keep your voice low on public transportation. Tipping is not practiced and can cause confusion. When receiving a business card, accept it with both hands and read it before putting it away — never write on it in front of the giver.